Mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c), also known as MOTS-c, MOTS3, is a 16-amino acid research single peptide. CAS Number: 1627580-64-6. Molecular weight: 2174.6 Da. Sequence: MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR.

Metabolic homeostasis, insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle (Cell Metabolism 2015); exercise-induced regulation of physical decline and muscle homeostasis (Nature Communications 2021); mitochondrial function in diabetic heart (Frontiers in Physiology 2025); pancreatic β-cell senescence (Experimental & Molecular Medicine 2025); sepsis-associated brain injury (International. All findings referenced are from preclinical and in vitro studies. No approved clinical applications exist for this research compound.

Store lyophilized powder desiccated at -20°C or below; short-term at 4°C away from light (PubChem; peptide supplier guidelines) Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Once reconstituted, the solution should be refrigerated at 2-8°C and used within 28 days.

Every batch of MOTS-c from Peptide.co undergoes independent third-party HPLC testing. Current verified batches: 10mg batch (Lot #YPB.227): 99.6% purity; 40mg batch (Lot #YPB.271): 99.4% purity. Full Certificates of Analysis are publicly available at coa.peptide.co, covering HPLC purity, mass spectrometry identity confirmation, heavy metals screening (<20 ppb), and microbial limits (TAMC/TYMC: 0 CFU). All products are manufactured in FDA-registered facilities in the United States.

Under metabolic stress, translocates to nucleus in AMPK-dependent manner to regulate nuclear genes with antioxidant response elements (e.g., via NRF2); inhibits folate cycle and de novo purine biosynthesis leading to AICAR accumulation and AMPK activation; promotes fatty acid oxidation, glucose uptake, and metabolic homeostasis (PubChem; Cell Metabolism 2015; Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023) These mechanisms have been characterized in preclinical models only.

MOTS-c is supplied as a lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder and must be reconstituted before use in research applications. The standard reconstitution solvent is bacteriostatic water (sterile water containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol). When reconstituting, direct the solvent gently along the inside wall of the vial — do not spray directly onto the lyophilized powder. Allow the peptide to dissolve naturally without shaking or vortexing. For detailed reconstitution volume calculations, use the free Bacteriostatic Water Calculator or Peptide Reconstitution Calculator on Peptide.co.